Pctebs



retorts and converging at their upper ends, forming an inverted V, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with anoil and air tank and an oil-feed pipe leading from the lower end of the oil-tank upward and connected with the upper end of a vertical feed-pipe which communicates at its lower end with the top of the oil-retort, of a cylinder inclosing the vertical feed-pipe, and pipes for furnishing a continuous supply of water to said cylinder, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a water-cylinder fitted to and seated upon the top of the oilretort, and pipes for furnishing a constant supply of water to said cylinder, of an oil-feed pipe located in a vertical position within said cylinder, the lower end of the oil-feed pipe being screwed through the lower head or end of said cylinder and extendinginto a recess or socket in the retort, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with a water-cylinder fitted to and seated upon the top of the oilretort and pipes for furnishing a constantsupply of water to said cylinder, of an oil-feed pipe screwed through the lower head or end of the cylinder, and the oil-retort provided with a socket for the reception of the lower end of the oil-feed pipe and with an oil-passage equal in diameter to the inner diameter of 0 the oil-feed pipe, substantially set forth.

5. The combination, with the Vertical oilfeed pipe, of a cylinder surrounding the same i and secured at its lower end to the retort, a water-supply pipe which extends down nearly 35 to the bottom of said cylinder, and a dischargepipe communicatin g with the upper end of said cylinder, substantially as set forth.

6. Thecombination, with the pipes E, E, and

F, of the combined gas-mixingand valve cham' 4o her and rotary valve located therein, substantially as set forth.

7. The pipes E, E, and F, provided with a combined valve and gas-mixing chamber at their points of intersection, and with flanges 5 at theirouter ends, said parts being cast in a single piece, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of April, 1880. I

GEORGE RAMSDELL.

Witnesses:

F. O. 'McOLEARY, A. W. BRIGHT.

R. RAY. Umbrella.

No. 230,658. Patented Aug. 3,1880

MPHERS, PHOTO-LITNOGRAi HER, WASHINGTON. D. c.

4 Sheets-Sheet I.

' 4Sheets-Sheet 2.

' R. RAY. I

Umbrella. No. 230,658. Patented Aug. 3,1880.

N. PETERS. FNOTO-LITHOGRAPP/ER. WASHINGTON. D. C

R RAY Umbrella. v No. 230,658. Patented Aug. 3, 1880.

N- PETERS. PHOTOLITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. l1v C.

R. RAY; Umbrella.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

No. 230,658. Patented Aug. 3,1880.

Vii/ Zn eons-w. r v

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD BAY, OF LAKE CITY, FLORIDA.

UM BRELLA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 230,658, dated August 3, 1880.

Application filed June 4, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD RAY, of Lake City, in the county of Columbia and State of Florida, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Umbrellas; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters" of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to umbrellas or sunshades; and it consists in providing the same with a double cover in such a manner as to admit of a free circulation of airbetween the two layers forming the cover while the sunshade is open, by means of which a perfect non-conductor of heatis provided, thus effectually protectin g the person of the wearer from the rays of the sun; and it further consists in adj ustably resting the shade upon a frame or support attached to the body of the wearer by means of certain mechanical devices to be hereinafter more fully described.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of myinvention with a portion of the double cover or canopy removed. Fig. 2 is a vertical section cut through the cover, showing the stretching mechanism. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one form of the body-frame upon which the cover rests and is adjustable. Fig. 4 is a side View of a modified form of afriction universal joint as applied to a shade having one of its sides elongated, the cover being shown in vertical section. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a portion of one of the joints upon which the cover is horizontally adjustable. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of a modified form of friction-joint, whereby the shade is given a planetary adjustment. Fig. 7 is a rear elevation of the same. Fig. 8 is a perspectiveview of a modifiedform of friction universal joint. Fig. 9 is a front elevation of modified form of single joint. Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section of clasp, whereby the intermediate frame bearing the friction-joints is secured to the body-frame. Fig. 11 is a vertical longitudinal section through a modified form of universal joint as applied to a shade having one of its sides elongated. Fig. 12 is a bottom-plan view of spring-clasp, whereby the shade and body-frame are detachably secured to each other. Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a modified .form of intermediate frame. Fig. 14 is a front View of a modified form of universal detachable joint. Fig. 15 is a vertical section cut through one of the joints shown in Fig. 14. Fig. 16 is a side elevation of a modified form of detachable universal joint, and Fig. 17 is a perspective view of a modified form of body-frame.

The shade is stretched open by forcing the lower runner, c, upward until it meets and engages with the upper crown-piece, f, when the two are secured by means of a pin, g, or other well-known equivalent lockin g device. This shade rests upon a body-frame, B, which is provided with two upwardly and outwardly projecting arms, h h. Upon the upper ends of each of these arms are pivoted cross-bars i z, upon each end of which are constructed hooks Zr.

'Before securing the already-stretched shade to the body-frame it is necessary to first force inwardly the two arms 71. until the hooks 7c pass freely up outside of the two opposite couples of radiating shade-stretchers upon which they operate. The arms are then allowed to spring outwardly, when the hooks engage with their respective stretchers and securely connect the frame to the shade.

To detach the shade from the frame the armsh are forced inwardly until the hooks are free from the stretchers, when the shade is lifted off.

The desired friction to the pivot upon each of the'arms his imparted by means of adjustable brace-strings l l, which pass through eyes m, and are secured at their outer ends to the outer ends of the cross-bars t, in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 3. Should the force of the wind render it necessary to have addia tional friction in the joint to retain the shade in its desired inclined position upon the bodyframe, a small rubber or other elastic peg, n, is provided and is inserted into the eye m, thus securely clamping the string and preventing any movement on the part of the shade.

The shade A may be provided with a central 

